Frenet coordinates are an alternative way to describe a curve in 2D space, this most commonly can be useful while computing displacement of a vehicle’s position on the road or a calculating it’s reference path. The Frenet coordinates is composed of two coordinates. s coordinate – representing distance along theContinue Reading
Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobservable (i.e. hidden) states. In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities areContinue Reading
Hidden states are the unknowns we try to detect or predict. The Hidden states have a relationship amongst themselves called the transition probabilities. Observations are the evidence variables that we have a priori. Observations and states have a relationship between them called the emission probabilities.Continue Reading
A Markov chain is a stochastic model describing a sequence of possible events in which the probability of each event depends only on the state attained in the previous event. (“memorylessness”)Continue Reading
Radiance (L)- light carried by a ray from a light source. 1 Watt(W) = 1 Joule per second. A radian(r) is a measure of an angle, a steradian/ square radian[(sr) is a measure of a solid angle. e.g. In a cone it’s the amount of the radian area of the cone. IrradianceContinue Reading
Linear speed is how much the object is moving forward: It is expressed by the formula : v = d / t (Linear velocity = change of distance over time) mph, km/s , ft/s etc.. Angular speed is how much the object rotates in place: It is expressed by the formulaContinue Reading